Roger Schwarzschild. “Measure Phrases as Modifiers of Adjectives”, to appear in Recherches Linguistiques de Vincennes

ABSTRACT In some languages, measure phrases can appear with non- compared adjectives: 5 feet tall. I address three questions about this construction: (a) Is the measure phrase an argument of the adjective or an adjunct? (b) What are we to make of the markedness of this construction *142lbs heavy? (c) Why is it that the markedness disappears once the adjective is put in the comparative (2 inches taller alongside 2lbs heavier)?

I claim that because degree arguments are ‘functional’, the measure phrase has to be an adjunct and not a syntactic argument of the adjective. Like event modifiers in extended NPs and in VPs, the measure phrase predicates of a degree argument of the adjective. But given the kind of meaning a measure phrase must have to do its job in comparatives and elsewhere, it is not of the right type to directly predicate of a degree argument. I propose a lexically governed type- shift which applies to some adjectives allowing them to combine with a measure phrase.